The longer they're out on the track, the higher the upkeep. It's also wise for players to keep their engines updated. Costs aren't incredibly high, but making sure your trains are functioning efficiently will create a healthy and happy pocketbook. Every so often, that cost will be deducted from the bank. Each engine out on the playing field has an upgrade cost. Any trains that get held up are just going to cost more money. Only one train can be on one piece of track at the same time so plenty of switches and double track lines will need to be created along the way to make sure trains can pass each other and don't get held up. The challenge comes from creating routes for tracks and trains that intersect with each other on a regular basis. It makes creating a railway system quick and fun. The game will let players know when a piece of track is impossible to lay because of the lack of funds or because it's too steep. The game will automatically adjust the terrain, create bridges and tunnels, and adjust the price depending on what structures or inclines are along the way. From there, it's just a matter of hitting the lay track button and then adding on to the end of the existing track, dragging in the direction the track needs to go, and dropping it off. Track always begins at each player's starting city. The great part about all of this is that Firaxis has made laying track down easy and fun so that anybody jumping into the game for the first time will be able to do it without having to think too much about it. The trick is in planning the shortest route between stops while taking into account inclines and turns both of which will slow a train down. Natural resources and towns are scattered about the map (resources are random and city placement and terrain can also be random) so planning out routes is new every time. Planning out a perfect railway system is near impossible, especially with competition in the area, but it's definitely fun to try. Figuring out the best routes for delivery is a different matter and where Railroads! real strength sits. Scenario objectives are pretty simple and really mange to push players towards becoming more skilled to compete against better AI or human opponents. They'll create havoc by laying track in the world as well at which point you will have to construct overpasses or longer tracks to get to scenario objective locations. However, scenarios are definitely more fun and more of a challenge with rivals. Anyone looking for less of a challenge can simply set the difficulty lower or choose not to add any rivals at the beginning of the game or scenario. It actually creates a pretty fun atmosphere and can generate some real competitiveness. Once all of the available stock is purchased, it's a race to see who can generate the most cash in order to purchase all the remaining stock owned by other players in one lump sum. At the same time, anyone can purchase a rival's stock at any time. Each player starts with some stock owned but will have to purchase the rest of their own. A winner is crowned when he or she manages to eliminate another player by purchasing all of that player's stock. These skirmish modes don't have scenario objectives but do have a challenge involved. Any competitive match against good AI or human opponents will see a winner. That's not to say that losing isn't an option. Every delivery makes money so unless your logic is completely screwed up, there's very little chance to abjectly fail in this game. Raw material A goes to City B to be transformed into manufactured goods C which need to be transported to City D. Players will mostly have to worry about supply chains and supply and demand. Economics are definitely an issue here, but complex isn't the right word. Firaxis created Sid Meier's Railroads! with the thought of putting the fun and creation back into a railroad simulation after the heavily mathematical Railroad Tycoon 3.
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The western reaction to disruption is often to build stronger defences as when we cite a dictionary in support of our points. In this middle ground we need signposts that we can trust and there is nothing wrong with this desire, although it must be balanced against the right adolescents have to disrupt. It is not like a machine with the specific jobs of signing, or meaning, or referring, but more like a living entity itself evolving and adapting to our needs. Since then we have remembered, not least with the help of Wittgenstein's 'Investigations' 2 that language is a rich and complex system. The Positivists' reaction, even in the light of some rather undisciplined writings in the nineteenth century, was extreme. The Positivists condemned much abstract writing including theology, metaphysics and fiction alike to silence, or at best entertainment. This is the kind of objection to words that the Logical Positivists felt early last century, their discontent cast its net more widely as they hankered for a language in which words would behave not just as reliable signposts, but more like the terms of mathematical expressions, so that statements became like these expressions. It is sad if the annoyance (understandably) prevents you reading the book. This book is an uneasy mixture of, on the one hand, deep and valuable insights into important aspects of our lives, and on the other, annoyingly meaningless claims that often rest on allowing words to point first one way and then another. Again if we know that the writer is adapting words to particular needs, then we may be able to avoid misunderstandings, but if we do not know, and fail to suspect that the words are being used in novel ways, then we do have problems.Ī recent example which illustrates the way we may end up with a rich stew of words is If we make it obvious that we are using words in special ways, such as using a technical vocabulary, as with the fractions on the signpost above, then no harm is done to those who cannot follow the directions. If we manage to use words in a way which serves our desired communication, they are useful, like any signpost. However, supposing we suspect that the high spirits of some young people have resulted in the arms of the sign being reversed? If we know that the sign has been tampered with, we would be forewarned, and could ignore the signpost completely, but what if there was no such suspicion in our minds, and it did not even occur to us that the direction was false, and we headed off to Lawrenceton when we wanted Rafford? Now the problem is rather different, it is that we do not know we have a problem.Īll writers assaying abstractions become enmeshed with the verbal counterpart to this metaphor. Reading passages about philosophical or psychological problems written for academics might leave us cold, but we would know that we did not know, and probably be able to specifically identify phrases that baffled us, just as the five eights might baffle us, but not the village name. If we know that we do not understand these fractions, they will not mislead us. However, if the fractions are a mystery, they are a mystery of which we are aware, even if it is only as an irritation. For the older generation it offers added information, although for younger people it may be cryptic. As signposts and metaphors go this is a good one. Signposts guide us along our way, oiling our travels they also act as useful metaphors. Add a `ModalContext` and `ModalHost` allowing us to render modals inside the ThemeProvider rather than attaching them to `document.body`. Expose the theme to styled-components as well. Add a basic theme and ThemeProvider that also manages delivering SVG icons from (MIT-licensed, unlike the default font icons). This is done by configuring an empty fontBaseUrl (can't be done programmatically: microsoft/fluentui#3881 no sanctioned way to disable loading: microsoft/fluentui#10363). Disable loading of default fonts from Microsoft servers. This initial PR sets up some plumbing and uses the new components for the connection picker, layout menu, and prompt. good themeability (with theme provider), with designer tool at pretty good documentation on type definition “headers” active development by Microsoft (although the community is smaller than material-ui and others) comprehensive set of components including draggable modals, menus, and overlays visually appealing components without excessive animation If you would like to see a donation link for the application here, please include one in the AppStream data.Integrate the UI component library ( FG-187). You can specify the URL to a nicer one by shipping an AppStream metainfo file. The screenshot for FontBase has been automatically taken during a fully automated test. There is an online tool that makes it easy to make one. Improve this entry by shipping an AppStream metainfo file inside the AppImage in the usr/share/metainfo directory. Tools like appimagetool and linuxdeployqt can do this for you easily. zsync file so that it can be updated using AppImageUpdate. Please consider to add update information to the FontBase AppImage and ship a. Pro Tips for further enhancing the FontBase AppImage Great! Here are some ideas on how to make it even better. Thanks for distributing FontBase in the AppImage format for all common Linux distributions. If you would like to have the executable bit set automatically, and would like to see FontBase and other AppImages integrated into the system (menus, icons, file type associations, etc.), then you may want to check the optional appimaged daemon. If you would like to update to a new version, simply download the new FontBase AppImage. This is entirely optional and currently needs to be configured by the user. If you want to restrict what FontBase can do on your system, you can run the AppImage in a sandbox like Firejail. Then double-click the AppImage in the file manager to open it. Use at your own risk!ĭownload the FontBase AppImage and make it executable using your file manager or by entering the following commands in a terminal: Follow these instructions only if you trust the developer of the software. This is a Linux security feature.īehold! AppImages are usually not verified by others. However, they need to be marked as executable before they can be run. Unlike other applications, AppImages do not need to be installed before they can be used. Running FontBase on Linux without installation Most AppImages run on recent versions of Arch Linux, CentOS, Debian, Fedora, openSUSE, Red Hat, Ubuntu, and other common desktop distributions. No system libraries or system preferences are altered. Download an application, make it executable, and run! No need to install. Awesome!ĪppImages are single-file applications that run on most Linux distributions. A lightning fast, beautiful and free font manager for designers.įontBase is available as an AppImage which means "one app = one file", which you can download and run on your Linux system while you don't need a package manager and nothing gets changed in your system. To get a first hand experience, download their free trial version and see for yourself. Although much of the results can be obtained in Photoshop, Lens Effect makes the process quite simple. It may be an interesting tool in your toolbox. Like all filters, it is easy to get carried away and one has to be careful not to make the image scream “ I AM PHOTOSHOPED!” That was quite easy and the mask you see was created with minimum effort. Instead of experimenting with those, I chose to create a more complex depth map which would put the wing in the foreground slightly out of focus. When one set of adjustments are done to your satisfaction, clicking on the “Apply” button will make them stick while allowing you to move to a different effect and cumulatively adjust the image. Since there is already a selection in place, it may be smart to make some subtle adjustments here.Ī nice feature is to apply some effects cumulatively. It is even possible to apply some sharpening to the focus area and adjust the brightness, contrast and saturation. There are further adjustments that will finesse the effect even more by changing the blade curvature, rotation and others. By moving the “Background Blur Amount” slider all the way to the right, I was able to quickly achieve the effect I wanted. This makes the black area in sharp focus and makes it the “foreground” in this example. I clicked on the button with that name and clicked on the eye of the bird, any point would have done the same since the area covered with the bird is black. The first thing to do here is to pick the “focal plane”, essentially which shade should be in focus. The next step is to work the Focal Plane Adjustment. So, I painted on the bird with black and on the background with white and the filter quickly created a very nice selection. For the initial run, I wanted the bird to be as sharp as it is and the background to be as blurry as possible. There is also a gradient brush for quickly creating a more nuanced selection. They call this “Topaz Smart Brush” and it is indeed quite smart. Topaz incorporated their selection technology to Lens Effects and choosing the right area is a simple matter of “painting” on the image with the right shade of gray from black to white. Creating a depth map is quite straight forward and simple. A graduated map from black to white will create a graduated focus field. The process is based on a depth map where black is near and white is far. On the left is a panel of presets, the middle is used for the image preview, and on the right are the adjustment panels. The interface is quite similar to other topaz filters. After making a new layer to retain the original image, I invoked Topaz Lens Effects. To test the filter, I chose a photograph of an owl in which the background could have been a bit more out of focus. I installed the filter as a plugin to Photoshop CS5 although it will also work with Lightroom (via Fusion Express freely available from Topaz Labs), Photoshop Elements 6-9, PaintShop Pro, Photo Impact and Serif Photo Plus. Of course it can also be used for experimental treatment of some photographs and can even be useful to learn what would have happened had we opened up the diaphragm by seeing the effect in real-time in Lens Effects. In my opinion, like all special effects filters, this one is not a substitute for learning to use the right f-stop, or the correct lens for the job but to save one photograph in which everything else works fine if only we used f/4 instead of f/11. Topaz Labs released a new filter, Lens Effects, for those photographs which could use a little shallower depth of field, or a bit darker background, or many other lens-induced effects including errors introduced by toy cameras. Personalize your dice rolling experience:Ī Dice with Buddies Prize Pass trial will convert to a recurring subscription after 7 days. Chat, challenge, and favorite your friends with the new social buddies system!.Multiplayer games with random opponents – play dice games with players around the world.Create your own family in game to group chat and share rewards! Play through 10+ leagues to win exciting prizes!.Dice tournaments are a new, thrilling challenge! Dice Solitaire, Dice Bingo, and Dice Stars are completely new ways to play this classic game! Tournaments are running daily!.Join the Race for the ultimate head to head competition and earn great new rewards!.Conquer dozens of new levels with brand new boosts and obstacles like ice blocks, flying multipliers and more!.Dice Masters play back instantly in Dice With Buddies reinvented solo adventure - take down the Dice Masters and earn amazing custom dice along the way!.Activate a bonus dice roll to get an extra dice roll right when you need it.Finish Dice games to win in-game scratchers with a chance to win tons of bonus dice rolls.If you love Yahtzee, Yatzy and Farkle, then you will love Dice With Buddies! Play this classic dice game anywhere with your friends and family, and prepare to have fun! This dice game has also called Poker Dice because there are fun combinations like Full House, Three-of-a-Kind, Four-of-a-Kind, Small Straight, Large Straight – all that resemble poker. Feeling lucky? Roll a five-of-a-kind and score 50 points! Score more points than your opponent to win the game and earn rewards! Once a category has been used in the game, it cannot be used again. Your 5 dice can be rolled up to 3 times per turn to score in a category. In Dice With Buddies, the objective of the game is to score the most points by rolling different combinations. Dice With Buddies is a fun, new spin on your favorite classic dice game! Enjoyed by millions of players, you can play free multiplayer board games with family, friends, or new buddies! Share the fun playing free games wherever your opponent is sitting, either next to you or thousands of miles away! Roll the dice with all your friends in a fun, new social board game experience!ĭice board games are easy and exciting to play! Take on opponents with brand new custom dice, easy-to-use interface, new game modes, and exciting daily tournaments! 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The date is represented as the number of seconds from "T0:0:0Z UTC" (corresponds to the token's exp claim). The timespan when the access token expires. Time of issuance can be found in the token's iat claim. The number of seconds the access token continues to be valid, before expiring, from time of issuance. Not used by managed identities for Azure resources. When you call a secured REST API, the token is embedded in the Authorization request header field as a "bearer" token, allowing the API to authenticate the caller. Required, if your VM has multiple user-assigned managed identities. (Optional) A query string parameter, indicating the msi_res_id (Azure Resource ID) of the managed identity you would like the token for. (Optional) A query string parameter, indicating the client_id of the managed identity you would like the token for. (Optional) A query string parameter, indicating the object_id of the managed identity you would like the token for. This value must be set to "true", in all lower case. This information is used as a mitigation against server side request forgery (SSRF) attacks. Īn HTTP request header field required by managed identities. This example requests a token to access Azure Resource Manager, which has an App ID URI of. It also appears in the aud (audience) claim of the issued token. Use API version or greater.Ī query string parameter, indicating the App ID URI of the target resource. The managed identities for Azure resources endpoint for the Instance Metadata Service.Ī query string parameter, indicating the API version for the IMDS endpoint. The HTTP verb, indicating you want to retrieve data from the endpoint. Sample request using the Azure Instance Metadata Service (IMDS) endpoint (recommended): GET '' HTTP/1.1 Metadata: true This approach is similar to the Azure AD programming model, except the client uses an endpoint on the virtual machine (vs an Azure AD endpoint). The fundamental interface for acquiring an access token is based on REST, making it accessible to any client application running on the VM that can make HTTP REST calls. Where to get resource IDs for supported Azure services Guidance for handling HTTP errors returned from the managed identities for Azure resources token endpoint Guidance for handling expired access tokens NET clientĮxample of using managed identities for Azure resources REST endpoint from a C# clientĮxample of using managed identities for Azure resources REST endpoint from a Java clientĮxample of using managed identities for Azure resources REST endpoint from a Go clientĮxample of using managed identities for Azure resources REST endpoint from a PowerShell clientĮxample of using managed identities for Azure resources REST endpoint from a Bash/CURL client Protocol details for managed identities for Azure resources token endpoint Service-to-service calls requiring client credentials. The token is suitable for use as a bearer token in As such, there's no need for the client to obtain an access token under its own service principal. The token is based on the managed identities for Azure resources service principal. All code/scripts running on a virtual machine can request and retrieve tokens for any managed identities available on it.Ī client application can request a managed identity app-only access token to access a given resource. The security boundary of managed identities for Azure resources, is the resource it's being used on.If you plan to use the Azure PowerShell examples in this article, be sure to install the latest version of Azure PowerShell. If you don't have an Azure account, sign up for a free account before you continue. If you're not familiar with the managed identities for Azure resources feature, see this overview.It also contains guidance about handling token expiration and HTTP errors. This article provides various code and script examples for token acquisition. You can use this identity to authenticate to any service that supports Azure AD authentication, without having credentials in your code. Managed identities for Azure resources provide Azure services with an automatically managed identity in Azure Active Directory. Make sure you review the availability status of managed identities for your resource and known issues before you begin. Each of the Azure services that support managed identities for Azure resources are subject to their own timeline. Managed identities for Azure resources is a feature of Azure Active Directory. Not surprising given their tropical origin, Shoebills are sensitive to cool temperatures and susceptible to hypothermia and frostbite. However, these 4 were the only survivors of at least 20 (see Dodman, 2013). For example, on one occasion 4 Shoebills were recorded as exported to Belgium from Tanzania. While these numbers appear to be insignificant from a population perspective, it is likely that they do not account for a high number of individuals that never complete the journey. According to the UNEP-WCMC CITES Trade Database, 152 live, wild-caught Shoebills for commercial trade or zoological display (78 and 82 respectively) were recorded by importing countries from 1990 - 2019. The Shoebill has been included on Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade of Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES) since 1987. Additionally, a low breeding success rate in captivity (only two known occurrences to date) and high rate of mortality in transit maintain pressure on the wild population to satisfy an ongoing demand. While trade in the species is prohibited in all range states, law enforcement and policing resource capacity is ineffective in curbing illegal trade. Climate change and associated droughts are further compounding these threats.Ĭapture for commercial trade (both national and international) poses a significant threat to the Shoebill species as eggs and chicks are known to command a high price (more than $10,000 USD) in the caged bird trade and for display in zoos and private collections. In addition to hunting, habitat conversion and degradation related to agriculture, dam construction, natural resource extraction, and other human activities are markedly diminishing the quality and extent of suitable swamplands. Shoebills have endured a long history of exploitation for human consumption and persecution by some local cultures that believe these birds to be symbols of a bad omen. The species is categorized as vulnerable on the basis of a continuing decline - a trend showing no signs of slowing without more aggressive conservation measures. Kushan (1992).Īccording to the IUCN, the current global wild population of Shoebills is estimated to be between 5,000 to 8,000, equating to approximately 3,300 to 5,300 mature individuals. Their diets include a considerable range of wetland vertebrates, although they are primarily piscivorous. Shoebills can usually be found in or along poorly oxygenated waters like swamps, marshes, and bogs where they spend a majority of their time wading slowly or standing motionless before quickly collapsing upon unsuspecting prey - mainly large fish that come to the surface to breathe. The species is native to wetland regions of central and east Africa with a majority found in South Sudan, Uganda, eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, and Zambia. The Shoebill (Balaeniceps rex) is a large-bodied, long-legged water bird named for its enormous shoe-shaped bill. Common name: Shoebill, Shoebill Stork, Whalehead, Whale-headed storkĬonservation status: Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List |
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